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Enterprise Sustainability · LCA

Life Cycle Assessment, product by product - not category-average.

300,000+ product life-cycle assessments, built from primary supplier data where available and aligned to ISO 14040/14044 - not a generic industry-average multiplier applied to revenue.

01 · ISO 14040/44 phase

Goal & Scope Definition.

Every assessment starts by fixing what's actually being measured - system boundaries set explicitly, not left to be inferred later when the numbers don't reconcile.

Functional Unit

Defined per product category so comparisons are genuinely like-for-like - a unit of use, not just a unit of mass.

Functional unit defined per product category
Reference flow tied to actual use, not just weight

System Boundary

Cradle-to-gate, cradle-to-grave, or a defined partial boundary - documented up front, not assumed by default.

System boundary documented, not assumed
Excluded stages stated explicitly, not silently dropped

Allocation Method

Where a process yields multiple products, the allocation approach is stated up front - not chosen after the numbers come in.

Allocation method stated up front
Consistent across comparable product lines
02 · ISO 14040/44 phase

Life Cycle Inventory (LCI).

The data-gathering phase - every material and energy flow in and out of the system, sourced from primary supplier data wherever it exists.

Primary Supplier Data

Where a supplier is tracked on the platform, their actual activity data is used instead of a category default.

Primary data from 2M+ tracked suppliers
Sourced from the same traceability layer as Supply Chain

Secondary Data, Clearly Flagged

Where primary data isn't available, recognised secondary databases fill the gap - and the substitution is flagged, not hidden.

Secondary data sourced from recognised databases
Substitution flagged, never presented as primary

Data Quality Flagging

Every line item in the inventory carries a data-quality flag, so a hotspot built on weak data is visible as such.

Data quality flagged at the line-item level
Rolled up to an overall confidence score per LCA
03 · ISO 14040/44 phase

Impact Assessment.

Climate change is the headline number, but not the only one modelled - water, land use and resource depletion are characterised alongside it.

Global Warming Potential (GWP)

The primary metric for most disclosure purposes, expressed in CO₂-equivalent across a defined time horizon.

GWP as the primary reported metric
Time horizon stated (GWP100 as standard)

Water, Land & Resource Depletion

Additional impact categories modelled alongside carbon, not treated as a footnote to the headline number.

Water & land use modelled per functional unit
Resource depletion characterised alongside GWP

Characterisation Factors Kept Current

Factors updated as the underlying science updates, rather than left static from whenever the model was first built.

Characterisation factors kept current
Version tracked so restatements are explainable
04 · ISO 14040/44 phase

Interpretation & Hotspot Analysis.

Every LCA ends with what actually drives the footprint, not just the total - and how sensitive that conclusion is to the assumptions underneath it.

Hotspot Identification

Broken down by life-cycle stage, so it's clear whether the impact sits in raw material, processing, use or disposal.

Hotspot identification by life-cycle stage
Ranked, not just listed - biggest driver first

Sensitivity Analysis

Key assumptions stress-tested, so a conclusion built on a shaky data point is visible as such before it's disclosed.

Sensitivity analysis on key assumptions
Confidence range reported, not a single point estimate

Feeds Directly Into Scope 3 & Disclosure

The finished LCA flows straight into Scope 3 accounting and CSRD/GRI-aligned disclosure - one record, not a separate report.

No re-entry between LCA and disclosure systems
Same record used for regulator & lender views
See Scope 3
Where the data comes from

Supply Chain.

LCA is only as good as the inventory data behind it - and that data comes from the same multi-tier supplier traceability used across Enterprise Sustainability.

Verified Suppliers, Not Self-Attested

Every supplier feeding an LCA has been verified through the same onboarding process used across the platform.

Multi-Tier Data, Not Just Tier 1

Where traceability runs to Tier 2 or Tier 3, the LCA inventory reflects that depth instead of stopping at the direct supplier.

One Traceability Layer, Two Outputs

The same verified supplier data set powers both supply-chain disclosure and product-level LCA.

See Supply Chain

See where LCA data feeds Scope 3.

Product-level LCA is the backbone of Scope 3 accounting inside Enterprise Sustainability.